• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a bioreactor, in particular a fermentation reactor, with a cylindrical reactor tank (1) with a vertical axis (1 ') and an agitator (3) arranged in a flow conduit (2) and conveying substantially vertically downwards, as well as in the reactor tank (1 ) arranged heat exchanger (4). According to the invention, the heat exchanger (4) is arranged in the region of the outlet opening (11) of the flow guide tube (2) and has radially outwardly directed flow elements (10) with respect to the vertical axis (1 ') of the reactor tank (1).
    公开号:AT513418A1
    申请号:T50397/2012
    申请日:2012-09-18
    公开日:2014-04-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Biogas Systems Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    16159
    The invention relates to a bioreactor, in particular fermentation reactor, with a cylindrical reactor tank with a vertical axis and arranged in a flow tube, substantially vertically downwardly conveying stirrer, and arranged in the reactor tank heat exchanger. Furthermore, the invention relates to an assembly for installation in a bioreactor, in particular fermentation reactor, with a cylindrical reactor tank.
    Fermentation reactors, for example for biogas plants, typically have volumes of between 500 and 5000 m3 and are largely carried out in two types: a) Flat cylindrical reactors, with water depths between 5 and 8 m, and diameters up to 30 m, circulated by inclined shaft agitators (with Bodenlagem) or submersible mixers with horizontal flow. In some cases, the design also takes the form of an outer ring around an internal reactor with a circular layout (so-called Ring Aniage). As heating elements usually inside heating coil of thin tubes or wall heaters are used, sometimes external heat exchanger circuits. b) High cylindrical reactors, with heights and diameters up to 20 m, circulated by vertical mixers with one or more horizontal stirring planes and, if required, a bottom bearing for the stirrer shaft. These are also heated with wall heaters or external heat exchanger circuits.
    Fermentation reactors according to a) are characterized by a high required mixing energy input for a uniform flow, as well as (partially) undefined flow states and large dead zones, in particular with the tendency to form floating carpets from unfermented biomass, which permanently disturb the plant operation. Internal heating coils are usually very filigree, and always in danger of being torn off by adhesions and flow forces. In the case of leakage, wall-mounted heating ducts are very difficult to repair, and external heat exchanger circuits are comparatively expensive to invest in and, due to permanent recirculation, also expensive to operate. 2
    From CN 01334477 Y, a fermentation reactor has become known, which has a vertical, cylindrical reactor tank, wherein a central Strömungsleitrohr is arranged inside, which is designed as a heat exchanger. Inside the Strömungsleitrohres is a downwardly promoting agitator, the drive axis is led up out of the reactor tank and has an external drive source. However, this type is mainly conceivable for smaller reactor tanks with a capacity of up to 100 or 150 m3.
    Fermentation reactors according to b) have improved flow properties due to the defined conditions and geometric arrangement with central vertical agitator, but in practice these systems also have considerable operational problems:
    Due to the often large container dimensions and the high viscosity of the medium usually no continuous flow loop can be formed over the entire reactor height, but there are at several Rührebenen self-contained circulation vortex, or typically at only one Rührebene flow-free zones at the reactor bottom and especially at the water surface.
    The resulting swimming rugs usually lead to significant disruption. For the heating systems is generally the same as described under a).
    As typical construction materials, e.g. The following materials are used in the field of biogas fermenters: - Reinforced concrete, partially corrosion-resistant coated - Stainless steel, partly in extremely thin-walled spiral-folded construction - Steel enamelled, in panel construction with screw connection
    High fermenters according to b) are usually made of stainless steel or enamelled steel on a concrete foundation slab, since the construction of concrete to high costs due to enormous wall thicknesses. 3
    The weak point, in particular the thin-walled Wickelfalz design and the enamel-coated plate construction is the risk of leaks or damage to the wall material by fixing internal components (heating, flow control), and sometimes insufficient static and structural strength for the attachment of additional equipment.
    The object of the invention is to provide a bioreactor, in particular fermentation reactor, with a cylindrical reactor tank in a structurally simple manner such that the circulation of the reactor contents and the temperature of the reactor optimized, and a flexible use for different fermenter materials and structures is made possible.
    This object is achieved in that the heat exchanger is arranged in the region of the outlet opening of the Strömungsleitrohrs and having with respect to the vertical axis of the reactor tank radially outwardly facing flow elements.
    Preferably, a Strömungsleitkegel for deflecting the vertical flow generated by the agitator is arranged in an outwardly directed radial flow between the outlet opening of the Strömungsleitrohrs and the central region of the heat exchanger.
    For retrofitting existing bioreactors according to the invention is preferably an assembly that a Strömungsleitrohr with integrated, vertically downwardly promoting agitator, the output side of Strömungsleitrohrs a Strömungsleitkegel for deflecting the vertical flow generated by the agitator in an outwardly directed radial flow and a heat exchanger with radially outwardly facing flow guide having.
    The open vertical Strömungsleitrohr begins below the water level, and ends, for example, at one third of the reactor height. The flow tube is fixed by several feet on the (flat) foundation plate.
    In Strömungsleitrohr a (slow-running) special agitator is arranged, which essentially requires no radially outgoing flow, but selectively generates a channeled flow vertically downwards. 4 There are basically two alternatives for installing the agitator: 1) The agitator is designed with a vertical axis and an external drive motor (outside the reactor). The mixing element (propeller) is preferably in the upper part of the flow tube, resulting in only a very short agitator shaft is required. This construction can e.g. used in enamelled steel or sturdy stainless steel containers, which have a stable, load-bearing crown ring. 2) The agitator is designed as a submersible agitator, and with the same flow direction, but preferably installed at the lower end of the Strömungsleitrohres. The attachment of the agitator takes place in this case in a (spoke-shaped) support structure, which can be connected to the feet of Strömungsleitrohres.
    In both cases, the stirrer does not transmit any forces to the flow tube itself, and produces a continuous vertically directed downward flow in the flow tube.
    Variant 2) also makes it possible to equip lightweight containers that do not have a load-bearing roof construction.
    The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to drawings of an exemplary embodiment. Show it:
    1 shows a bioreactor according to the invention in an axial section.
    FIG. 2 shows the bioreactor according to FIG. 1 in a sectional view along line II-II in FIG. 1; FIG. such as
    Fig. 3 shows a detail of the bioreactor according to FIG. 1 in a three-dimensional representation.
    The bioreactor shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 has a cylindrical reactor tank 1 with a vertical axis 1 ', with an agitator 3 arranged essentially vertically downwards in a central flow duct 2, wherein in the region of the outlet opening 11 of the flow duct 2 5 with the interposition of a Strömungsleitkegels 5, a heat exchanger 4 is arranged. The heat exchanger 4 has with respect to the vertical axis 1 'of the reactor tank 1 radially outwardly facing flow guide elements 10.
    The individual flow guide elements 10 each have an upper tube 8 fed by a first central loop 6 and a lower tube 9 fed by a second central loop 7, the two tubes 6, 8 of each flow guide element 10 having a flow connection at least at the wall end have and serve for the supply and removal of a heating or cooling medium. Between the two tubes 6, 8, a vertically aligned guide plate 12 is arranged, with which circular flow components can be prevented. The Strömungsleitkegel 5 serves to deflect the vertical flow 13 generated by the agitator 3 in an outwardly directed radial flow 14. The two central ring lines 6 and 7 can also in a flow cone 5 (or flow guide), e.g. made of a plastic material, integrated or foamed.
    Preferably, the vertical position of the central inlet opening 16 of the Strömungsleitrohres 2 is adjusted to the level of the level of the substrate in the reactor tank 1 such that during operation of the agitator 3 on the substrate surface 17, a Strömungstrombe 18 is formed.
    The inflow of the substrate to the flow tube 2 takes place from the upper liquid zone, ie directly to the substrate surface 17. The flow intensity at the raid edge of the Strömungsleitrohres 2 can be optimized by an adjustable water level, whereby higher and lower inflow rates, or even changing states can be generated ,
    This, together with the formation of a Strömungsstrombe 18 at the upper end of the Strömungsleitrohres 2 serves the effective sub-mixing of possibly on the substrate surface 17 forming webs of organic material.
    At the lower, outlet end of the Strömungsleitrohres 2 provides the centrally arranged, (pure conical or hyperboloidal) Strömungsleitkegel 5 for a uniform horizontal, radial flow 14 to the outside of the reactor.
    Due to the streamlined design of the Strömungsleitkegels 5 speed losses are minimized by the outlet and the deflection of the flow. For feeding raw substrates into the reactor tank 1, a substrate supply line 15 opening in the region of the tip of the flow-guiding cone 5 is provided, since at this point the high mixing energy ensures optimum mixing of the substrate.
    The horizontal deflection of the flow at Strömungsleitkegel 5 leads the medium at high flow velocity along the bottom of the reactor tank 1 radially arranged flow guide elements 10, which prevent the medium, initiated by the rotational component of the agitator movement, in a destabilizing for the reactor vessel rotation movement.
    Due to the high flow velocity directly after exiting the flow tube 2, a significantly improved heat transfer behavior between the heat exchanger 4 and medium results than in conventional, only slightly flowed on the outer wall mounted wall heaters.
    The heating register formed flow guide elements 10 are supplied via the centrally arranged under the flow cone 5 ring line 6 (manifold), also the outflow from the Heizregistem via a central loop 7 (collecting ring). This arrangement minimizes the required distribution lines and avoids the arrangement of flow-ring loops in the wall area. To connect the two ring lines 6, 7 to the external supply devices, the supply and removal of the heating or cooling medium via the upper 8 'and the lower tube 9' of the flow guide 10 takes place, the two tubes 8 ', 9' through the Wall of the reactor tank 1 are passed. The connection can also be made from below through the foundation plate 21.
    In the outer region of the reactor tank 1 takes place at a weakened flow velocity, a deflection of the radial flow 14 upwards, and the medium rises to the pool surface to be retracted there again in the central flow tube 2. 7
    The gaseous products produced during the fermentation process, e.g. methane-containing biogas, support this continuous flow by their ascension to the substrate surface 17. Since there are no intervertebral fluid with different flow directions, there is no accumulation of microbubbles in the system or the formation of gas bubbles pillows, as in vertical mixers (with several Rührebenen) and horizontal energy input is known.
    The gas outlet takes place on the moving water surface, but at the latest in the turbulent flow zone at the entrance to the central flow 2.
    The assembly shown in Fig. 3 for installation in a fermentation reactor has the following components: a vertical, central Strömungsleitrohr 2 with integrated, vertically downwardly conveying agitator 3, the output side of the Strömungsleitrohrs 2 a Strömungsleitkegel 5 for deflecting the Vertikalstnömung generated by the stirrer 3 in a outwardly directed radial flow and a heat exchanger 4 with radially outwardly facing flow guide elements 10, which are designed as heating or cooling coil.
    By attaching the flow guide 10 directly to the bottom of the reactor tank 1 or on the foundation plate 21 eliminates any connection to the vessel wall, so that no more critical attachment points exist. Via the tubes 8, 9 of the flow guide elements 10, a heating or cooling medium supplied CVor- and return), the vertical baffles 12 may be designed as a flow-through hollow body.
    By virtue of the combination of a central flow guide tube 2 with a vertically downwardly conveying agitator 3 and a heat exchanger 4 which dissipates radially to the outside, the device according to the invention produces optimal, uniform mixing for vertical fermentation reactors. 8th
    The arrangement of the agitators optimizes the energy input required for recirculation, and allows for flexible equipment of various reactor designs, even if they can not accommodate additional loads.
    In particular, this applies to the described equipment of the system with a submersible mixer.
    The flow tube 2 forms a functional unit with the Strömungsleitkegei 5, and adjoining radially on the pelvic floor arranged flow guide elements 10, which are used simultaneously as a flow-through heating or cooling coil. This combination fulfills the purpose of avoiding rotational flows and at the same time achieves effective heat transfer to the medium due to the high flow velocity.
    The agitator 3 is performed as shown in FIG. 3 as a submersible agitator, which is centered by a spider 19 in the flow tube 2 and is preferably supported on feet 20 of the Strömungsleitrohres 2. On the feet 20 and the Strömungsleitkegel 5 may be attached.
    The modular assembly can be constructed, for example, directly on the foundation plate 21 of the fermentation reactor, if necessary without contact with or attachment to the wall or roof construction of the reactor tank. This enables both optimized new plants and simple retrofits of existing plants.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    9 PATENTANS PRÜCH E 1. Bioreactor, in particular fermentation reactor, with a cylindrical reactor tank (1) with a vertical axis (1 ') and a in a flow tube (2) arranged substantially vertically downwardly conveying stirrer (3), and one in the reactor tank (1) arranged heat exchanger (4), characterized in that the heat exchanger (4) in the region of the outlet opening (11) of the Strömungsleitrohrs (2) is arranged and with respect to the vertical axis (1 ') of the reactor tank (1) radially to has outside flow guide elements (10).
    [2]
    2. bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that several, preferably all flow guide elements (10) each one of a first ring line (6) fed, upper tube (8) and one of a second ring line (7) powered, lower tube (9 ), wherein the two tubes (6, 8) serve each flow guide element (10) for supplying and discharging a heating or cooling medium and between the two tubes (6, 8) is arranged a vertical guide plate (12).
    [3]
    3. Bioreactor according to claim 2, characterized in that the supply and removal of the heating or cooling medium via the upper (8 ') and the lower tube (91) of the flow guide elements (10) takes place, the two tubes (8', 9 ') are passed through the wall of the reactor tank (1).
    [4]
    4. bioreactor according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that between the outlet opening (11) of the Strömungsleitrohrs (2) and the central region of the heat exchanger (4) a Strömungsleitkegel (5) for deflecting the vertical flow generated by the agitator (3) (13) is disposed in an outwardly directed radial flow (14).
    [5]
    5. bioreactor according to claim 4, characterized in that for the supply of raw substrates in the reactor tank (1) in the region of the tip of the Strömungsleitkegels (5) opening substrate supply line (15) is provided. 10
    [6]
    6. Bioreactor according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the vertical position of the central inlet opening (16) of the Strömungsleitrohres (2) to the level of the filling level of the substrate in the reactor tank (1) is tuned such that during operation of the Agitator (3) on the substrate surface (17) forms a Strömungstrombe (18).
    [7]
    7. Bioreactor according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the agitator (3) is designed as a submersible agitator, which is centered by a spider (19) in the flow tube (2) and preferably on feet (20) of the Strömungsleitrohres ( 2) is supported.
    [8]
    8. Bioreactor according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that an assembly consisting of the Strömungsleitrohr (2) with integrated agitator (3), the Strömungsleitkegel (5) and the heat exchanger (4) at the bottom of the reactor tank (1) or preferably attached directly to the foundation (21) of the reactor tank.
    [9]
    9. Assembly for installation in a bioreactor, in particular fermentation reactor, with a cylindrical reactor tank (1), characterized in that the assembly is a Strömungsleitrohr (2) with integrated, vertically downwardly promoting agitator (3), the output side of the Strömungsleitrohrs (2) a Flow cone (5) for deflecting the vertical flow generated by the agitator (3) (13) in an outwardly directed radial flow (14) and a heat exchanger (4) with radially outwardly facing flow guide elements (10).
    [10]
    10. An assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that the assembly at the bottom of the reactor tank (1) or preferably directly on the foundation (21) of the reactor tank can be fastened. 2012 09 18 Lu / St
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE1911918A1|1969-03-08|1970-09-24|Braun Fa B|De-frother for culture vessels|
    DE1922800A1|1969-05-05|1970-11-19|Pintsch Bamag Ag|Heating activated sludge in a septic tank|
    US3984286A|1975-03-06|1976-10-05|Phillips Petroleum Company|Apparatus and method for conducting fermentation|
    DE2649762A1|1976-08-19|1978-02-23|Kaelin J R|Surface aerator for sewage tanks - with impeller shroud duct turning rising fluid flow ninety degrees outward over surface|
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    US5505541A|1994-04-28|1996-04-09|Nkk Corporation|Structure for mounting an agitating apparatus for a digestion tank|
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    CN201334477Y|2009-01-15|2009-10-28|江苏煤化工程研究设计院有限公司|Mechanical stirring and circulation combined fermentation reactor|CN107904169B|2017-12-01|2020-12-01|黄山市中新生物科技有限公司|Modularized bioreactor suitable for culturing multiple cell types|
    CN110643492A|2019-09-26|2020-01-03|北京环境工程技术有限公司|Material stirring device and method for producing biogas through anaerobic fermentation|
    法律状态:
    2020-11-15| PC| Change of the owner|Owner name: LEINICH BETEILIGUNGEN GMBH, AT Effective date: 20201007 |
    2021-02-15| HA| Change or addition of new inventor|Inventor name: FELIX NUSSBAUMER, AT Effective date: 20210114 Inventor name: HERMANN DAUSER, DE Effective date: 20210114 Inventor name: HELGE LEINICH, AT Effective date: 20210114 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50397/2012A|AT513418B1|2012-09-18|2012-09-18|Bioreactor and assembly for installation in a bioreactor|ATA50397/2012A| AT513418B1|2012-09-18|2012-09-18|Bioreactor and assembly for installation in a bioreactor|
    EP13762470.6A| EP2898056B1|2012-09-18|2013-09-12|Bioreactor and assembly for installation in a bioreactor|
    PL13762470T| PL2898056T3|2012-09-18|2013-09-12|Bioreactor and assembly for installation in a bioreactor|
    PCT/EP2013/068941| WO2014044598A1|2012-09-18|2013-09-12|Bioreactor and assembly for installation in a bioreactor|
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